It’s one of those everyday things that seems random —
But in Pharma, nothing is random.
Let’s break down the logic behind tablet shapes — it’ll surprise you!
It starts with the RLD (Reference Listed Drug)
The RLD is the original brand drug listed by the USFDA.
When generics are made (via ANDA), they often copy the RLD’s: • Shape
- Color
- Size
Why?
To match patient expectations and ensure bioequivalence — especially in regulated markets like the U.S.
Shape is not just cosmetic — it can be legally and scientifically required.
Swallowing is a Science
Capsule-shaped or oval tablets slide down easier.
They’re designed for: • Elderly patients
- Children
- Anyone with difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
Better shape = better compliance.
If it’s hard to swallow, patients simply avoid taking it.
Manufacturing decides a lot
Round tablets are easier and cheaper to make.
They compress well, break less, and require simple dies.
But when needed:
- Caplets help with coating
- Scored tablets help with splitting
- Odd shapes need complex tooling = more cost
Shape influences drug release
Different shapes = different surface area.
That affects:
- Disintegration time
- Dissolution rate
- Absorption speed
Especially true in extended-release tablets, where shape helps control how the drug behaves inside your body.
Branding + anti-counterfeit
You’ve seen unique shapes like:
- Diamond-shaped Viagra
- Heart-shaped supplements
- Embossed logos
These are used to:
- Protect against fake products
- Help patients easily identify their pills
- Create a visual identity
Combination drugs (FDCs) need space
Multi-ingredient tablets = more bulk.
Oval/caplet shapes help make these large pills easier to swallow.
Some FDC tablets even use multi-layer shapes to separate drugs inside a single dosage!
Final thought
Next time you take a tablet, pause and look at the shape.
It’s not just design — it’s science, strategy, and patient safety.
Read also:
- Effect of Granule Particle Size on Dissolution of BCS Class 2 & 4 Drugs
- Powder Shape and Their Effect on Tablet Properties
Resource Person: Dev Soni